![]() (Anonymous, 2020) Citing in the reference list when there are no authors Only use the capitalized word “Anonymous” in place of the author’s name when it’s overtly designated, not as a general substitute for a reference with an unknown author. (“22 New Apple Varieties,” 1997) Author designated as “Anonymous” If the source title is italicized in the reference list entry, italicize the title in the in-text citation (example: books when cited in APA).This means it is part of a larger work (like when citing a journal article from a journal in APA).If the source is not italicized in the reference list entry, place the title in quotation marks (“ ”) in the in-text citation.The title should have each significant word capitalized (basically sentence case).If a reference has an unknown author, the title of the work substitutes as the author name in the in-text citation. Narrative citation for source with author: Parenthetical citation for source with author: This formatting applies if your source has one author or if you are citing a source with multiple authors in APA. In narrative citations, the author’s last name is incorporated into the sentence. In parenthetical citations, this structure includes the author’s last name and the publication year (with a comma separating them) in parentheses. uses the author-date citation system for citing references in-text. Citing in-text when there are no authorsĪPA 7th ed. Before treating a reference as though it has no author, consider whether a group or organization (such as a government agency, association, nonprofit organization, business, hospital, task force, or study group) could be the author by checking the cover or title page. APA CITATION NO AUTHOR HOW TO(Original work published 1955)This article covers how to cite in APA Style (7th ed.) when there are no known authors for a reference or when the author is unknown or cannot be reasonably determined. Lopate (Ed.), Writing New York: A literary anthology (pp. In Editor's initial + editor's last name (Ed.), Title of anthology or collection in italics pp page numbers in parentheses. Title of story/article/essay in sentence case. If the book has editor on the front instead of author, use Last name comma initials (Ed.).Īuthor's last name comma initials.Three to 21 authors: List authors by last name comma initials and separate names by commas until the last name, which should have a & before it instead of a comma.Two authors: Last name, first initial.In-text citation (Author's last name, year).īooks with multiple authors or with editors Two nations indivisible: Mexico, the United States, and the road ahead (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. Book title in italics and edition in parentheses if exists. Publisher. If a website was created by an organization rather than named individual authors, use the organization name in place of authors at the beginning of the citation.Īuthor's last name comma initials. (Center for Urban Transport Research, 1999) Investigation of the use of mobile phones while driving. Title of article in italics. URL.Ĭenter for Urban Transport Research. The in-text citation: (Cain & Burris, n.d.)Ĭorporate Author or Website Publisher. Investigation of the use of mobile phones while driving. Center for Urban Transport Research. Web Page with No Date (include access date instead)Īuthor(s) last name + initials. Title of page in sentence case italics. Title of website. URL.Ĭain, A. ![]()
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